Light changes speed as it enters from one medium to another and bends. The bend of light depends on the refractive index of the medium. Different mediums have different refractive index and density.
These images shows the refraction of light:
A prism refracts light at different directions to form a rainbow. ROYGBV
The diagram below shows the refraction of light when it passes from one medium to another. The red line is the normal, which is perpendicular to the surface of the medium.
As the light passes through the second medium, the light bends towards the normal because density of the second medium is greater than the first.
The angle between the incoming ray and the normal is the angle of incidence. The angle between the refracted ray and the normal is the angle of refraction.
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